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Major Impurities in Indoor Air:
Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) in Indoor Air
In Indoor environment Toxic Gases are emitted from wide
variety of sources:
▪ Building Materials,
▪ Cleaners, Plastics,
▪ Wood Products,
▪ Paints, Carpets,
▪ Polishers, Deodorants, etc… know as Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)
It adversely affect to:
▪ Allergy,
▪ Asthma,
▪ Eye & Nasal irritation,
▪ Affect respiratory tracts….
Carbon –Dioxide (CO2) in Indoor Air
Indoor environment human being Exhale Carbon–di-oxide.
It cannot be reduced or oxidized.
It is not a toxic or carcinogen but a high level of CO2, causes:
▪ Headaches, Restlessness,
▪ Difficulty Breathing, Sweating,
▪ Tiredness, Increased Heart Rate,
▪ Elevated Blood Pressure,etc…
Hence, Oxygen is used to reduce the carbon – di – oxide level.
Odor in Indoor Air
Odor is a major Irritants & it is cause from various sources:
▪ Food Odor
▪ Body Odor
▪ Mold, Fungi & Microbes
▪ Cleaning Chemical Odor, etc
This is a residual odor & difficult to dilute from conventional method.
These are collectively known as “SICK BUILDING SYNDROME”
To address Sick Building Syndrome (SBS)
The HVAC – Air ▪ Unit (AHU) system take “Outdoor Air” to dilute
Volatile Organic Compound (VOC), Odor and reduce Carbon dioxide (CO2) within
acceptable limits.
Conventionally Fresh Air is used to improve:
Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)
▪ Fresh air is not cheap!
▪ Hot and humid air needs to be cooled down to room temperature.
Load profile of fresh air
▪ 60% to cool moisture … wasted energy
▪ 28% to cool nitrogen …..wasted energy
▪ 12% to cool oxygen …..the only useful component in fresh air
Hidden Cost of Fresh Air taken by Air Unit (AHU):
▪
Energy Consumed by Fresh Air
▪
Energy Consumed by AHU to take fresh Air.
▪ 150 CFM of Fresh Air will require 1ton of cooling load. ( Approximately)
How to reduce “Fresh Air” in the process of achieving
Indoor Air Quality:
▪ By using controlled injection of ozone.
▪ Oxidation of VOC is performed by ozone and not by oxygen of the fresh air.
▪ Ozone is more powerful oxidizing agent than oxygen.
▪ In the presence of a more powerful oxidant, less powerful oxidant does not
have the chance to perform oxidation, until no more of the former is
available.
▪ Oxygen of the fresh air is preserved and not spent in performing the task
of oxidizing the VOC, which is now transferred to ozone.
▪ Available oxygen is now used entirely to maintain CO2.
▪ Intake of fresh air is reduced drastically. Thus fresh air requirement
goes down to 5CFM or less per person.
ASHRAE Standards for Indoor Air Quality
▪ ASHRAE Ventilation code no. 62-1999.
▪ Minimum 15 CFM per person fresh air is required.
▪ Minimum of 30 CFM fresh air is required if smoking is permitted.
Ozone Generator Technology to improve Indoor Air Quality
( IAQ)
▪ Ozone is tri atomic Oxygen.
▪ O3 is a very strong disinfectant & oxidant. Any pathogen or contaminant
that can be disinfected altered or removed via an oxidation process, will be
affected by ozone.
▪ It is the strongest of all molecules available for disinfection.
Approved Safe Ozone levels Standard: ( Indoor Air Quality)
Maximum Permissible Concentration in Occupied space:
ASHRAE : 0.05PPM (50PPB)
OSHA : 0.1 PPM (100PPB)
Exposure of 8hrs/day, 5 days a week
FDA : 0.05 PPM (50PPB)
Continuous exposure 24hrs/day 365 days a year if Ozone concentration
exceeds, it becomes a toxic gas.
Chemtronics’ Ozone Generator Advantage:
▪ Ozone is produced using medical grade oxygen.
▪ The ozone produced is pure ozone.
▪ There is no nitrogen oxides are present ( As in case of Duct Mounted ozone
generator).
▪ The concentration of ozone is low and well within permissible
limit(0.1ppm)
Safety Measures of Ozone Generator
▪ Ozone sensors, VOC sensors & Timers are used to monitor air quality.
▪ Machines are interlocked with AHU to provide safety operations.
▪ Special Di-Electric with coating and air cooling ensure long life to
electrode.
Advantage of maintaining Indoor Air Quality in office:
Indoor Air Quality improves the efficiency of the occupants.
Indoor Air Quality reduces fatigue.
Indoor Air Quality improves the productivity of occupants.
Indoor Air Quality results in reduced cross infection.
Indoor Air Quality reduces Allergy.
Indoor Air Quality reduces the Astama.
Indoor Air Quality is a green environment initiative.
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Indoor Air quality (IAQ)
